These minerals are often referred to as 'conflict minerals'. The mining and trading of tungsten has been associated with financing local armed groups in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and adjoining countries. Cemented carbides (also called hardmetals) are wear-resistant materials used by the metalworking, mining, and . Armed groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo continue to commit severe human rights abuses and to profit from the mining and trading of "conflict minerals," according to the State Department. The term "conflict minerals" refers to minerals extracted from conflict regions, or areas of the world experiencing systemic violence and unrest. Tungsten (W): Made from wolframite and used in light bulb filaments and to make phones and laptops vibrate. Like the similar issue of Conflict Diamonds or Blood Diamonds, the term Conflict Minerals refers to raw materials that come from a particular part of the world where conflict is occurring and affects the mining and trading of those materials. The minerals are "necessary to the functionality or production" of a product manufactured or contracted to be manufactured by the company. Armed groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and adjoining countries reportedly exploit the minerals tin, tungsten, tantalum, and gold to finance conflict in the region. The Conflict Minerals Regulation requires EU-based importers of tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold (also referred to as "3TG") to ensure their minerals are sourced responsibly and that their supply chains do not help to fund armed conflict or other illegal practices. The EU regulation covers tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold because these are the four minerals that are most often linked to armed-conflicts and related human rights abuses, so it makes sense to focus on them. . Tungsten is one of four minerals called conflict minerals. Tantalum. The majority of tungsten is produced in China, with a small percentage of the metal originating in Central Africa. Conflict minerals, Conflict minerals reporting, responsible minerals . Out-of-scope companies are not excused from performing due diligence, as reporting 3TG sourcing could be a requirement for any . But first let us take a look at the metals! It is precisely because conflict minerals are so lucrative that armed groups fight to control the mines. Several large NGOs and brands consider Cobalt a conflict mineral as well and have begun efforts to trace and manage its use throughout the global supply chain. The Securities and Exchange Commission requires companies to report on the origin of these "conflict minerals" used in their products. Under these regulations, conflict minerals include tin, tungsten, tantalum and gold (3TGs), originating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) or any of the "Covered Countries" under these regulations. The . 3) Defined under the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission conflict minerals rule to mean products that do not contain conflict minerals (tin, tantalum, tungsten, and/or gold) that directly or indirectly finance or benefit armed groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) or adjoining countries. Tungsten is a conflict mineral because its mining and trade are said to directly finance armed conflicts or contribute to human rights abuse through forced labour in countries that supply the ore. A new EU law to stem the trade in conflict minerals. Why Is The SEC Doing. The Conflict Minerals Statutory Provision defines the term "conflict mineral" as cassiterite, columbite-tantalite, gold, . Conflict resources are natural resources extracted in a conflict zone and sold to perpetuate the fighting. CONFLICT MINERALS. While not as highly publicized as the diamonds illegally traded out of Africa to fund civil war, conflict minerals serve a similar purpose: to help finance and perpetuate conflict in and around the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). On 1st of January 2021, the European Commission implemented a regulation . They are so-called because they are often mined in countries plagued by political instability and armed conflict, such as the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.). Increased demand for technology has boosted the need for metals such as tantalum. Under the law, companies must examine whether the tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold in their products may be contributing to conflict in the DRC and surrounding countries. There are four conflict minerals legally defined by laws across the globe, including the U.S. and EU. The premise of conflict minerals regulations, which apply to all companies required to . The current list of "conflict mineral" includes gold, tantalum, tin and tungsten. Does Apple use conflict minerals? A significant portion of the profits from mining are . The fight against conflict minerals became a prime example of what Teju Cole has called the " white-savior industrial complex "efforts that make activists in wealthy countries feel good but fail to consider "the idea that those who are being helped ought to be consulted over the matters that concern them." If asked, a petty trader might say she deplores how . More complex than a war, the fractious violence is often is often financed by the extraction and sale of conflict minerals, including tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold. They've become known as 3TG. Gold. Indeed, the aerospace industry (which is heavily influenced by US standards) has been using conflict mineral compliance obligations in supply chain contracts for many years. The SEC rules define conflict minerals as 3TG metals, wherever extracted. Tungsten is covered by regulations related to "conflict minerals" in the United States and the European Union. What We Do . "Conflict Minerals" are minerals containing tin, tungsten, tantalum and gold such as cassiterite, columbrite-tantalite, coltan, and wolframite which originate in countries of conflict including: Angola, Burundi, Congo Republic, Central Africa Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Zambia, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. Gold, tantalum, tin and tungsten mined in certain areas of The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and adjoining countries are designated as conflict minerals *, as they finance armed groups in the region that involve in anti-government activities and human rights abuses.. SATO Group recognizes the importance of the international society working together to reduce trade in conflict minerals . . The so-called conflict minerals are tantalum, tungsten, tin and gold, mined and extracted from ore often in war-torn areas such as eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, where the mineral trade has. This is not a ban on minerals from eastern DRC, it simply requires any company using these minerals to disclose whether those minerals originated from the war-torn eastern DRC. Tungsten is one of the four conflict minerals. These minerals include Cassiterite (tin), Wolframite (tungsten), Coltan (tantalum), and Gold. Congress enacted Section 1502 of the Act because of concerns that the exploitation and trade of conflict minerals by armed groups is helping to finance conflict in the DRC region and is contributing to an emergency humanitarian crisis. Background on Conflict Minerals. tungsten, and gold just as hard to use . Here's what electronics buyers need to know about these new rules. Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo are the top producers are tantalum. United States legislation includes the four most commonly mined metals of tantalum, tin, tungsten, and gold. Are these disclosures required by law? For example, tin extracted in Canada, Russia or Argentina is considered a conflict mineral by definition. In the SEC rule, "DRC conflict-free" is defined as minerals that were extracted and did not directly or indirectly benefit armed groups in the covered countries. Finally, wolframite is the metal ore that is used to produce Start Printed Page 56284 tungsten, which is used for metal wires, electrodes, and contacts in lighting, electronic, electrical, . Conflict minerals are a class of minerals that include tantalum, tin, tungsten, and gold. These so-called 'conflict minerals', such as tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold, can find their way into our mobile phones, cars and jewellery. Companies that are publicly listed in the . The "conflict minerals" provisioncommonly known as Section 1502 of the Dodd Frank Actrequires U.S. publicly-listed companies to check their supply chains for tin, tungsten, tantalum and gold, if they might originate in Congo or its neighbours, take steps to address any risks they find, and to report on their efforts every year to the . Worth hundreds of millions of dollars per year, the minerals provide a valuable source of income to rebel groups, militias, and criminal gangs. tin (Sn), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W) and. The profits from the sale of these minerals finance continued fighting in the ongoing wars. Due to various laws, it most frequently applies to tin, tungsten, tantalum, and gold (3TGs) mined from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and its adjoining regions. These conflict minerals are tin, tantalum, tungsten (the "3 T's") and gold which are mined in eastern Congo and are in all consumer electronics products, as well as products from the jewelry, automotive, aerospace, medical equipment, and many other industries. "Conflict Minerals" is the term used to describe the following minerals: gold, wolframite, casserite, columbite-tantalite and their derivative metals, which include tin, tungsten and tantalum - no matter where they are mined or smelted (e.g., gold mined in Canada is technically considered a "Conflict Mineral" under federal law). The goal of Section 1502 is to eliminate demand for conflict minerals by increasing transparency. Standardized reporting process. Tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold are the extracts of the minerals cassiterite, columbite-tantalite (Coltan) and wolframite and are known as conflict minerals or 3TG. Stores electricity and is used in alloys for its strength. Learn more about conflict minerals, here. Conflict metals and minerals are extracted in conflict areas where their production and sale finance and perpetuate the fighting. In practice, we expect that conflict mineral obligations will become common in many supply chain contracts. In these areas, countless human rights violations occur in the pursuit of valuable minerals. Why is cassiterite A conflict mineral? Tungsten is a mostly non-reactive element: it does not react with water, is immune to attack by most acids and bases, and does not react with oxygen or air at room temperature. Conflict minerals include. Conflict minerals reporting has evolved in recent years as cobalt has become a source of concern for businesses. Minerals such as tin, tungsten, tantalum, and gold, often known as 3TG, may be found in common items such as mobile phones and . The global trade in a variety of minerals has funded some of the world's most brutal conflicts for decades. Companies have worked on the problem . and the surrounding region. NGO and UN investigations suggested that these "digital minerals," used in high-end tech products, were driving violent conflict. Conflict minerals are minerals mined in conditions wher armed conflict and human rights abuses occur. Resources from conflict or high-risk areas - such as parts of Afghanistan, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Zimbabwe and Myanmar - provide lucrative funding . The sale of conflict minerals is used to finance violence and human rights abuses. Conflict minerals refer to minerals mined and sold in areas experiencing military or economic conflicts or human right abuses. Section 1502 of the Act amends the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 to add Section 13 (p). And the Dodd-Frank Act requires U.S. companies whose products contain gold, tantalum, tin or tungsten from the Democratic Republic of Congo and neighboring states to disclose their . Conflict-free mineral sourcing is also just one component of the responsible sourcing movement, which addresses a variety of social and environmental issues including palm . In total, armed groups earn approximately $115 million per year from trading in tin, $12 million per year from trading in tantalum, $7 million from tungsten, and $50 million per year from gold [xx]. At elevated temperatures (i.e., when red-hot) it reacts with oxygen to form the trioxide compound tungsten (VI), WO 3. Recent legislation has focused attention on the supply chains of tin, tungsten, tantalum, and gold (3TG), specifically those originating from the . In legal terms, according to the U.S. Security Exchange Commission, the term "conflict mineral" is defined as: (A) Columbite-tantalite, also known as coltan (the metal ore from which tantalum is extracted); cassiterite (the metal ore from which tin is extracted); gold; wolframite (the metal ore from which tungsten is extracted), or their . tin, tantalum and tungsten (and gold). The conditions of mineral extraction and the relationships of suppliers operating in conflict-affected or high- risk area is a serious challenge. gold (Au). Why is the EMRT necessary? The mining of tin, tungsten, and tantalum in the Great Lakes regionand specifically Democratic Republic of Congohave been linked to armed groups and conflict financing. Conflict minerals like tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold, sourced from the Democratic Republic of Congo often end up in our cell phones and other electronics. In what follows we will explain why gold, niobium, tin, tantalum and tungsten are called conflict metals and their raw materials conflict minerals. A significant portion of the profits from mining are . Thes minerals are used in the production of various goods such as electronic devices and . The regulation also draws on well-established rules to help stem the trade in conflict minerals. Ensure compliance with evolving conflict mineral regulations. Although they hold great potential for development, natural mineral resources can, in conflict-affected or high-risk areas, be a . Companies are required to provide this . For the purposes of responsible minerals reporting, a metal is generally considered to be present if testing the final product would reveal its presence at non-trace levels. Why Is The SEC Doing. The four metals, tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold are always defined as conflict minerals irrespective of their origin or if the mining has financed any armed groups or not. While laws have been put in place to mitigate the negative social impact of minerals like tantalum, tungsten, tin and gold (3TGs), activists, non-governmental . In the SEC's release that accompanied the final conflict minerals rule, conflict minerals is defined as tin, tantalum, tungsten, gold "or any other minerals or their derivatives determined by the Secretary of State to be financing conflict in the Covered Countries." The Amnesty International report could be intended to be support for such . The Dodd-Frank Act required publicly listed companies to report annually to the Securities Exchange . - Source Intelligence Simply put, "conflict minerals" get their name because they are mined and sold by regions experiencing some type of conflict. Conflict minerals are minerals mined in conditions of armed conflict and human rights abuses, and which are sold or traded by armed groups. This work estimates the influence of the ICT sector on 3TG mining in covered countries and estimates the upper bound of tin, tungsten, tantalum, and gold use within ICT products to be 2%, 0.1%, 15%, and 3% of the 2013 market share, respectively. In a comprehensive interview with The Metals Report, analyst Mark Seddon explains why Tungsten should be on people's watch list, or, as the interview headline suggests: "Why you should look twice at an ugly duckling metal." Like some of the other critical metals and minerals we have covered on our blog - Antimony and Cobalt come to mind - Tungsten lacks the "sex appeal that made . 2. Conflict Minerals: Frequently Asked Questions Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. (HII), through its subsidiaries, is required under federal law to annually report the presence and source of Conflict Minerals (presently designated as gold, tantalum, tin and tungsten) in the products it manufactures. Statistics and information on the worldwide supply of, demand for, and flow of the mineral commodity tungsten. To meet the regulatory requirements, EU importers of these minerals must: The three minerals, commonly known as the 3Ts, have been designated conflict minerals (along with gold) by the international and regional communities. Tungsten is also considered to be a conflict mineral due to the unethical mining practices observed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Known as conflict minerals or 3TGs, tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold mined in the DRC have been linked to the funding of armed groups, and have helped to fuel a war for over twenty years. Due to various laws, it most frequently applies to tin, tungsten, tantalum, and gold (3TGs) mined from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and its adjoining regions. Minerals particularly associated with funding conflict are the 'three T's' of tin, tungsten and tantalum, which are present in many everyday products such as smartphones and laptops. 3 These materialstin, tantalum, tungsten and gold whose extraction and trade can illegally contribute to armed groups in that regionmove from the DRC into global supply . Therefore, the EU passed a new regulation in May 2017 to stop: conflict minerals and metals from being exported to the EU; The Rule Conflict minerals are resources that are mined and used to influence and finance armed conflict, human rights abuses, and violence. Mineral . Tin. Conflict Minerals describes the complex of problems, that mining and trading in certain raw materials can help finance armed groups in Conflict Areas that are associated with serious violations of human rights, child labor and environmental pollution. The four main conflict resources are gold, tantalum (coltan), wolframite (tungsten), and cassiterite (tin). Commonly used for 4 minerals (3TG): Tungsten, Tantalum, Tin, and Gold that are mined in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In these areas, countless human rights violations occur in the pursuit of valuable minerals. Although the declaration of other minerals (beyond tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold, the "3TGs") is not required by regulation, an expectation for voluntary declaration and due diligence is becoming widespread across many different industries. Conflict in Africa If you have tin, tantalum, gold or tungsten in your products, even if you didn't put them there, you need to know what research and reporting the Securities Exchange Commission's (SEC's) proposed Conflicts Minerals Rule, soon to be finalized, will require. How will the Conflict Minerals Regulation be enforced? "In other words, they will have to check where the . These minerals include tungsten, tantalum, gold and tin, also referred to as 3TG. Why are conflict minerals mined in the DRC so valuable? It could be military, economic, etc. The European Union conflict mineral regulations will go into effect in January. Buying conflict diamonds is barred by the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme, agreed to in 2003 by the major diamond-trading countries and the gem industry. Adverse impacts may include harm to people (i.e. external impacts), or reputational damage as well as legal liabilities for the companies involved (i.e.internal impacts), or both. Often used to coat other metals to prevent their corrosion and to create alloys. Conflict minerals are natural resources that can be mined, or extracted, in conflict zone areas and sold to perpetuate wars, fighting, or military conflicts. According to the SEC, the corporate conflict mineral rule applies to a company that uses minerals including tantalum, tin, gold, or tungsten if: The company files reports with the SEC under the Exchange Act. Realities on the Ground. It is the 79th element in the periodic table of elements. "Conflict Minerals" are minerals containing tin, tungsten, tantalum and gold such as cassiterite, columbrite-tantalite, coltan, and wolframite which originate in countries of conflict including: Angola, Burundi, Congo Republic, Central Africa Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, Zambia, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. It could be military, economic, etc. . Simply put, "conflict minerals" get their name because they are mined and sold by regions experiencing some type of conflict. The three main conflict minerals are cassiterite, Coltan, and wolframite, sometimes referred to under the acronym 3T, a reference to the tin, tantalum, and tungsten metals derived from them. These other end up in our phones and . These minerals include tin, gold, and others that are used to finance conflict in the area. Conflict Minerals are minerals mined in conditions of armed conflict and human rights abuses, by various armed rebel groups. The Securities and Exchange Commission's Role Four common conflict minerals, clockwise from top left: coltan, cassiterite, gold ore, and wolframite. Why is a supply chain assessment necessary? The minerals are dubbed 3TG, for tin . The minerals trade may be used to pay armed organizations, fuel forced labor and other human rights violations, and promote corruption and money laundering in politically unstable areas. The SEC rules define these conflict minerals as 3TG metals and they can be . Every dollar earned from the illegal trade . Tungsten. Gold, Tin, Tantalum, and Tungsten: The "3TG". known as "conflict minerals" due to their role in funding the ongoing civil conflict in that country. Answer - Jared Connors: No, assuming the final product does not otherwise contain tungsten, TIG welds would not mean a finished product contains tungsten. . If you have tin, tantalum, gold or tungsten in your products, even if you didn't put them there, you need to know what research and reporting the Securities Exchange Commission's (SEC's) proposed Conflicts Minerals Rule, soon to be finalized, will require. For this reason, tungsten is identified by a US law - the Dodd Frank Act - as a conflict mineral.
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